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Health information, articles, news and advice for NHS patients.

kry.co.uk > Your health > Metainfo

Your health | KRY

[Vertigo](/medical-advice/general-health/vertigo/) is the dizzy feeling you get when you feel like you or your surroundings are spinning. It’s a symptom rather than a condition in itself, and there are underlying health problems that can [trigger vertigo](/medical-advice/general-health/vertigo/) – from viral infections to migraines. 

Sometimes, doctors can’t find an obvious cause for vertigo, which has led them to explore whether stress or anxiety can cause this dizzy feeling. Although we don’t have all the answers yet, we know that [finding ways to cope with stress](/your-health/how-to-stress-less-this-winter-a-psychologist-approved-toolkit/) can also ease vertigo.

## Can stress cause symptoms of vertigo?
It’s not clear yet whether [stress](/medical-advice/mental-health/stress/) and [anxiety](/medical-advice/mental-health/anxiety/) can directly cause vertigo, but there seems to be a connection between them. We do know that stress can have a big impact on physical health. 

Feeling dizzy or off-balance can be a frightening experience. This anxiety makes your vertigo symptoms feel worse, creating a cycle between feeling stressed and dizzy. 

## How could stress affect your balance? 
If you’ve ever felt stressed or anxious, you probably already know that it can have powerful [physical effects](/your-health/physical-signs-of-stress-on-the-body/). Your body produces more adrenaline and cortisol – hormones that can make your heart pound and your breathing quicken. They can also affect your senses.

Our sense of balance is controlled by the vestibular system, which includes parts of the inner ear, specific areas of the brain and the nerves that connect the two. 

Structures inside your ear work like a spirit level and send information to your brain about your body position. The brain combines this with visual cues to decide if you’re balanced or not. 

There are three ways that stress could affect your sense of balance:

### 1. The direct effect of stress hormones
Your stress hormones may change how the nerves in your ears and brain process the signals related to your balance. Activity in your nerve cells is caused by electrically charged molecules moving in and out of cells, and cortisol is known to affect this. 

### 2. Changes in your brain activity
The brain areas responsible for balance and stress are part of the same network. This could be why vertigo shows up [more commonly](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4946194/) in people with anxiety disorders. [The theory](https://journals.lww.com/otology-neurotology/fulltext/2001/05000/interface_between_vestibular_dysfunction_and.35.aspx) here is that activity in one area impacts the other, meaning an episode of vertigo could increase brain signals related to stress and vice versa. 

### Slower recovery from damage
[Another theory](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3406321/) is that stress could cause slower recovery from an injury to the vestibular system that controls balance. The vestibular system can be damaged by:

- An inner ear infection
- The effects of ageing 
- A mild or severe head injury 
- A tumour 
- A buildup of fluid in the ear 
- A rare condition called Ménière’s disease 

In most people, the vestibular system recovers on its own. It’s thought that stress could affect the body’s ability to adapt, causing vertigo symptoms from the injury to last longer. 

## How to ease stress-related vertigo 
The best way to lower your chances of stress-related vertigo is to tackle the underlying problem, which is the stress itself. 

Some tell-tale signs that you’re [chronically stressed](/medical-advice/mental-health/stress/) are: 

- Having problems sleeping
- Getting headaches 
- Difficulty concentrating
- Struggling to make decisions
- Feeling sore and achy
- Getting easily annoyed
- Being more or less hungry than normal
- Drinking or smoking more

There are things you can do to lower stress in your life, like [getting more active](/your-health/exercise-and-mental-health/), but speaking to a doctor or a therapist will help you figure out where to start. 

### 5 tips for coping with vertigo 

People who use coping strategies to deal with [vertigo](/medical-advice/general-health/vertigo/) have a better chance of their symptoms going away over time, according to new research. 

__1. Take time out__ 

When dizziness strikes, sit or lie down straight away.

__2. Know your triggers__

Try to identify the key causes as they happen. For example, it could be loud, busy spaces. 

__3. Build back up slowly__

If certain situations trigger dizziness, try slowly getting used to them rather than avoiding them entirely.

__4. Get support__

It can help to have people around you who know how to help when you’re feeling dizzy.

__5. Remember, it’s unlikely to be forever__

Although vertigo is unpleasant, lots of people’s symptoms resolve on their own, and it’s unlikely that anything serious is going on. 

## When to speak to a doctor about vertigo

Depending on the underlying cause of your vertigo, there may be treatments available. It’s worth speaking to a doctor to figure out what’s going on. 

Seek urgent medical advice if you have vertigo and:  

- A severe headache
- A fever 
- Are being sick or feel very sick

__This article has been medically reviewed by Dr Bryony Henderson, Kry Lead GP.__


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Kry.co.uk > Article page > Can stress cause vertigo?

Can stress cause vertigo

Feeling dizzy is a stressful experience, but could it be caused by stress in the first place? Here’s what the science says and what might help.

Meta information > Stress and vertigo article

Can stress cause vertigo? | Kry UK

kry.co.uk > medical reviewer

Dr Bryony Henderson

Lead GP at Kry

Mental health

Can stress cause vertigo?

[Four people die each day](https://www.asthma.org.uk/advice/asthma-attacks/) in the UK due to an [asthma](https://www.livi.co.uk/medical-advice/respiratory-system/asthma/) attack. Recognising symptoms and knowing what to do for you or another person could potentially save a life. 

## First aid steps for an asthma attack
If you or someone else is having an asthma attack, follow this emergency advice. 

### Step 1
Sit them upright in a comfortable position. Reassure them, and try to keep them calm by asking them to breathe slowly and deeply.

### Step 2
If they have a reliever inhaler, which is usually blue, help them take one puff of this inhaler every 30-60 seconds for up to 10 puffs.

If they have a spacer, ask them to use it with their inhaler. This helps the medicine reach their lungs more efficiently and quickly. 

If they don't have an inhaler, call 999 straight away. 

### Step 3
If they don’t feel better after 10 puffs of their blue reliever inhaler, or if they are worsening, call 999 for an ambulance. 

### Step 4
If the ambulance doesn’t arrive after 10 minutes, and their symptoms aren’t improving, repeat step 2.

### Step 5
If they don’t feel better, call 999 again. 
This advice isn’t for people who use a Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (MART) inhaler. You can find out more on this from [Asthma UK](https://www.asthma.org.uk/advice/inhalers-medicines-treatments/inhalers-and-spacers/mart/#:~:text=in%20your%20airways.-,Using%20MART%20when%20your%20symptoms%20get%20worse,which%20deals%20with%20symptoms%20quickly.).

## Asthma inhalers explained
The two key types of asthma inhalers that help control symptoms: 

1. __Blue reliever inhaler__ – used for quick relief

2. __Brown preventer inhaler__ – used to lower your risk of asthma symptoms and attacks

## What are the signs of an asthma attack? 
It’s important to know the signs of an asthma attack – you may have all of these symptoms or just some of them. 

- Worsening symptoms – breathlessness, coughing, wheezing or chest tightness
- Breathing getting faster and feeling like you’re unable to catch your breath
- Difficulty speaking – the ability to just whisper or use short sentences 
- Dizziness, drowsiness or confusion
- Fingertips and lips going blue
- Feeling of exhaustion
- Collapsing

If a reliever inhaler doesn’t relieve symptoms, this is very likely an asthma attack.

## What causes an asthma attack? 
Flare-ups and asthma attacks are usually caused by triggers that irritate your airways and set off symptoms. 

While many people with asthma are aware of their triggers, it’s not always possible to avoid them. 

Common [asthma triggers](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5349698/) include: 
- Cold or flu viruses 
- Allergies, including dust mites, mould, pollen or pets and animals  
- Weather, including cold air, dry wind or sudden temperature changes 
- Exercise
- Irritants in the air, including air pollution, smoke from cigarettes, strong fumes, dust or chemicals 
- Medication, particularly beta blockers or anti-inflammatory painkillers like ibuprofen 
- Strong emotions, including [stress](https://www.livi.co.uk/medical-advice/mental-health/stress/), fear, anger or laughing 

## How can I prevent future asthma attacks? 
There are several things you can do to help you reduce your risk of an asthma attack. 

### 1. Know your early warning signs  
You can prevent an asthma attack before it happens by recognising your triggers and the early warning symptoms, like when your chest feels tighter or you begin wheezing more. 

### 2. Listen to your body when exercising 
If you have asthma, physical activity can be more challenging. The good news is that there’s [evidence](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24085631/) to suggest that getting your heart rate up can improve asthma symptoms and quality of life. 

If your [asthma is well-managed](https://www.livi.co.uk/your-health/manage-your-asthma-better/), you should be able to exercise without your symptoms being triggered. However sometimes, exercise can trigger asthma, particularly when you breathe in cold, dry air or encounter pollution or pollen. 

So, listen to your body, and increase your fitness levels gradually. It’s also a good idea to let the people you’re exercising with know that you have asthma. 

### 3. Keep stress levels as low as you can
It’s not always possible to reduce [stress](https://www.livi.co.uk/medical-advice/mental-health/stress/) in life. But stress can make your asthma symptoms worse. 

If stress is a trigger for you, talk to your doctor or asthma nurse. They can provide you with the right support, whether it’s signposting you to counselling or suggesting you take more of your asthma medicines to keep your asthma stable during these periods. The key thing is to reach out and get help when it’s needed. 

A few simple ways to lower stress might include:
- Planning ahead so you feel more in control
- Connecting with others as often as you can
- Being more active
- [Prioritising your sleep ](https://www.livi.co.uk/your-health/how-to-sleep-better/)

### 4. Take all your medicines as prescribed 
[Preventer inhalers](https://www.uptodate.com/contents/asthma-treatment-in-adolescents-and-adults-beyond-the-basics) reduce your risk of having an asthma attack. They reduce inflammation building up in your airways, meaning your airways are less sensitive and you’re less likely to react to your triggers. 

Remember to take your preventer medicines regularly as prescribed by a doctor or asthma nurse.  

It’s also important to check your peak flow meter, because it can pick up changes in your airways before you have symptoms. A peak flow is a small hand-held device that measures how quickly you can blow air out of your lungs.  

Speak to a doctor or asthma nurse about whether you need to monitor your peak flow. 

### 5. Create an asthma action plan 
Having an [asthma action plan](https://www.uptodate.com/contents/asthma-treatment-in-adolescents-and-adults-beyond-the-basics) can help you manage and stay on top of your asthma. [One recent review](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30765356/) found that using an asthma action plan can reduce hospitalisations for asthma attacks as well as improve your symptoms and quality of life.

It tells you: 
- Your triggers
- The medications you take each day to prevent symptoms and reduce your risk of an asthma attack
- What you should do if you feel worse 
- Steps you should take during an asthma attack and when to get emergency help

If you haven’t already got an asthma action plan, speak to a doctor or asthma nurse who can help you to fill it in. It’s also a good idea to make copies of it and share it with friends and family. 

## When to speak to a doctor 
If you experience any of the symptoms of an asthma attack, like difficulty breathing, go immediately to A&E or ring 999.

If you’ve had an asthma attack, and your symptoms improved with your reliever inhaler, you still need to make an urgent same-day appointment with a doctor or asthma nurse. 

Also speak to a doctor or asthma nurse if:
- You’re having regular asthma attacks
- You want advice on better managing your asthma
- You’re using your reliever inhaler more than usual 
- You’re not sleeping as well
- Your asthma is stopping you from doing everyday things like going to work, playing with your children or doing housework 

__This article has been medically reviewed by Livi Lead GP, Dr Bryony Henderson.__


Livi.co.uk > Article page > Asthma attack CTA

Asthma attack: how to spot the signs and what to do  | Livi UK

Livi.co.uk > Article page > Asthma attack

How to know if someone is having an asthma attack

From worsening symptoms to experiencing dizziness, drowsiness or confusion, discover how to spot the signs of an asthma attack and find out what you should do

Meta information > Asthma attack article

Asthma attack: how to spot the signs and what to do  | Kry UK

General health

General health and seasonal

Asthma attack: how to spot the signs and what to do

Constant coughing, painful aches and feeling fragile – flu can leave you feeling defeated. While it may put your life on hold for a little while, there are steps you can take to have the best, and quickest, recovery.

## How do I know it's flu?
Unlike a [common cold](/medical-advice/infections/common-cold/), flu symptoms usually come on suddenly and you may feel them throughout your body. Common symptoms include:
- A dry cough
- Fever
- Headache
- [Sore throat](/medical-advice/ent/sore-throat/)
- Runny nose
- Muscle aches
- Weakness and fatigue
-[ Loss of appetite](/your-health/8-causes-that-could-explain-your-loss-of-appetite/)
- Difficulty sleeping

## How to recover from flu quickly – 7 tips
### 1. Rest up
The most important thing is to get plenty of rest when you’re unwell. Get as much sleep as you can, and when you’re awake, try not to feel guilty for relaxing on the sofa – this will be giving you the energy you need to fight your flu symptoms. 

### 2. Stay at home
It's important to avoid spreading your symptoms to others, especially in the first 24 hours of having flu. There’s a risk you may come into contact with someone more vulnerable than you who’s more likely to experience complications from flu. 

If you live with others, you can avoid spreading the flu by:
- Washing your hands regularly
- Covering your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze
- Throwing used tissues in the bin as soon as possible

### 3. Take over-the-counter medication if you need
- __Pain relief__ – you can take ibuprofen to help relieve aches and pains and paracetamol can help reduce fever. If you’re taking cold and flu medication make sure you avoid anything with caffeine at night time as you may struggle to sleep.
- __Decongestants__ – to [unblock your nose](/your-health/how-to-get-rid-of-a-blocked-nose-a-doctors-best-tips/), for short-term relief only. Don’t take more than the recommended dosage – ask a pharmacist or doctor for guidance if you’re unsure. 
### 4. Drink plenty of fluids
Staying hydrated is key for getting over flu fast. Fever, a common symptom of flu, makes you sweat, which can cause dehydration. Drinking fluids replaces lost liquids and can help fight infection.

If you’re not a big water drinker, low-sugar squash and herbal teas are good options. Just steer clear of alcohol and caffeine, as these can cause dehydration and inflammation.

You can [check the colour of your pee](/your-health/why-is-hydration-so-important-a-doctors-guide/) to see how hydrated you are – it should be light straw colour yellow and clear.

### 5. Eat healthy meals
Although it’s tempting to give into cravings when you’re under the weather, your body needs nutritious foods to recover from flu. 

Fresh fruits and vegetables have the essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants your immune system needs to fight off the virus, and protein will help give you the strength to get back to normality.

If you don’t feel hungry, eat as much as you can, and rest assured your appetite will come back soon.

### 6. Stay propped up
Losing sleep because of a [blocked nose](/your-health/how-to-get-rid-of-a-blocked-nose-a-doctors-best-tips/) or cough? You can help ease your breathing by keeping your head raised – treat yourself to an extra comfy pillow or 2 and you should feel some relief in your sinuses.

You may find this is more effective after a hot, steamy bath or shower just before bed. 

### 7. Be kind to yourself
It’s okay to do nothing for a while as your body fights flu. Feeling stressed about missing out on things on socialising, work or exercise can only lead to a negative effect on your body. Remind yourself you need to take the time to recover.

## Should I have a flu vaccine?
[Flu vaccines are safe and effective](/your-health/why-are-vaccines-and-immunisations-so-important/) at preventing infection. Even if you’re able to recover from flu on your own, it can be dangerous to people with existing health conditions. You can have the flu vaccine at your GP surgery or at a pharmacy that offers the service.

If you’re more vulnerable, you’ll be contacted by the NHS to get your vaccine for free. The best time to get the vaccine is autumn or early winter before flu infections peak, though you can get it at any time.

## When should I seek help for flu?
Flu symptoms will often clear up on their own if you take the right measures to recover. But you should think about speaking to a doctor if: 
- Your symptoms are getting worse or haven't improved after 7 days
- You're age 65 or over
- You're pregnant
- You have a long-term condition like [diabetes](/medical-advice/autoimmune-diseases/type-1-diabetes/), heart disease, lung disease, kidney disease or a [neurological condition](/medical-advice/neurology/)
- You have a weakened immune system – for example if you're having chemotherapy or have HIV
- You feel very unwell or develop chest pain, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing or start coughing up blood.

__This article has been approved by Dr Bryony Henderson, Lead GP at Kry.__

CTA > Speak to a GP about flu

Speak to a GP about flu

kry.co.uk > Article page > How to recover from flu faster

How to beat flu faster

Flu can feel horrible and bring daily life to a halt. But there are steps you can take to recover as quickly as possible. Discover how to get rid of the flu faster.

Meta information > How to recover from flu faster

How to recover from flu faster | Kry 

How to recover from flu faster

It’s estimated that [around 1 in 8](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/miscarriage/#:~:text=Among%20people%20who%20know%20they,around%201%20in%20100%20women) women experience [miscarriage](/medical-advice/gynaecology/miscarriage/). Although miscarriages are more common than many people think, it doesn’t make them any less difficult to go through.

‘While it’s common to feel sad and overwhelmed, many people eventually feel better with the right miscarriage support,’ says Dr Oyefeso. 

## What does a miscarriage feel like?

‘We all experience things in different ways and a miscarriage is no different,’ says Dr Henderson. ‘Some women may have physical symptoms for a few days and others a few weeks. Some have no symptoms at all.’

Physical symptoms include: 
- Vaginal bleeding – this can be heavy, light or spotting
- Lower abdominal pain, which can vary in intensity from person to person
- Pregnancy symptoms disappearing

A miscarriage can be a traumatic experience for many people. The emotional effects you may experience include:
- Despair
- Guilt
- Anger
- Shame
- Confusion
- A sense of loss
- Feeling lonely or isolated

‘It’s common to struggle with concentration or have flashbacks of the miscarriage. Symptoms can last for weeks or months,’ says Dr Oyefeso. ‘It’s crucial to remember that it’s acceptable to express your emotions.’

## What steps can I take to heal emotionally after a miscarriage?

Grief is a natural response to miscarriage, so make sure you give yourself time to grieve. Dr Oyefeso recommends 5 things you can try to help you through the [grieving process](/your-health/a-therapists-advice-for-coping-with-grief-in-your-own-way/):

### Acknowledge your feelings
Allow yourself to feel whatever you’re feeling, without judgement.

### Talk about your experience
It’s essential to open up to someone you trust, who will understand and offer support. It could be a close friend or relative, or members of a support group for women who have gone through a miscarriage.

### Take care of yourself
Think about your physical and emotional needs. This may involve getting plenty of rest, exercising, eating nutritious food or going for walks in nature.

### Express your grief
You could try writing how you feel in a journal, painting or listening to music that resonates.

### Seek further support
If you’re struggling to cope with your grief, there’s lots of support available, like [counselling and therapy](/your-health/is-talking-therapy-for-me/).

## What support is available after a miscarriage?

It may take a while to recover both physically and emotionally after a miscarriage. A doctor can help you with any physical symptoms you’re concerned about, like pain and bleeding, and can also help you access counselling on the NHS if you need it. Alternatively, you may want to consider [talking therapy](/your-health/is-talking-therapy-for-me/). 

‘Talking therapy can help you express your feelings, understand your grief and eventually come to terms with a miscarriage,’ explains Dr Oyefeso. ‘Experienced therapists can help anyone struggling to develop healthy coping mechanisms for dealing with the loss. It can be invaluable for helping the healing process.’

There are lots of resources online, including the [Miscarriage Assosciation](https://www.miscarriageassociation.org.uk/) which has helplines and online chat support to give you support and advice when you’re finding it difficult. 

### How can a partner or friend provide support through a miscarriage?

### Be there emotionally
Miscarriage can be very traumatic, so being supportive and open-minded is key. Offer an ear to talk to and a shoulder to cry on.

### Be patient
It’s essential not to pressure someone into simply ‘getting over’ the miscarriage after a certain amount of time.

### Be practical
When someone is grieving it can feel impossible to carry out daily tasks. You can help someone through this difficult time by helping with childcare, cooking healthy meals, doing more housework or getting things from the shop.

### Ask how you can help
Even if you’re equipped with advice, you can’t read minds. Don’t be afraid to ask your loved one if there’s anything in particular you can do to help or make them feel better.

‘If you’re supporting someone through a miscarriage, be respectful of their wishes. They may not want to talk about it straight away, or they may need to talk about it constantly. Let them set the pace, and most importantly, don’t try to fix the situation. Just let them know you care,’ advises Dr Oyefeso.

### Do I need to go to work after a miscarriage?

There’s no limit to the time you can take off work following a miscarriage.

‘It’s important to take as much time as you need to recover, which may mean you need to take a break from work while you rest. Your employer should allow the first 7 days off, and for any further time, a doctor can provide you with a [fit note](/gp-appointments-online/sick-notes/) for as long as you need,’ says Dr Henderson.

You might want to consider telling colleagues you trust that you’re grieving so they can provide any additional support the company may have to offer, but it’s entirely up to you. 

## Can I get pregnant again after a miscarriage?

‘Pregnancy after a miscarriage is common, with many women going on to have healthy babies. Your periods should come back 4-8 weeks after your miscarriage, although the first bleed may be a bit different to your usual period,’ says Dr Henderson. 

Avoid having sex until you no longer have any miscarriage symptoms, and if you don’t want to get pregnant again just yet, make sure you use [contraception](/medical-advice/sexual-health/contraception/) as soon as you start having sex again.

You may need some time to think about whether you want to try again for a baby and when might be the right time. The [Miscarriage Association](https://www.miscarriageassociation.org.uk/your-feelings/thinking-about-another-pregnancy/) has useful information on things to consider.

## When to seek urgent help

### The physical signs to look out for

‘Bleeding and pain don’t always mean that you’re going through a miscarriage, but it’s important to seek advice so that more serious causes, like an [ectopic pregnancy](/medical-advice/gynaecology/ectopic-pregnancy/), can be investigated,’ advises Dr Henderson.

‘If your pain is severe, sharp, happens when you go to the toilet or radiates to your shoulder, seek urgent medical help so an emergency scan can be arranged.’ 

### The emotional signs to look out for

- Regular feelings of hopelessness, numbness or worthlessness
- Severe mood swings
- A regular lack of daily self-care
- Withdrawing from social contact
- Engaging in risky behaviour
- Having [suicidal thoughts](/your-health/what-to-do-if-youre-having-suicidal-thoughts-a-psychologiss-advice/)

‘It’s vital to seek professional help immediately if you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms after a miscarriage,’ says Dr Oyefeso. ‘With the right treatment, it’s possible to overcome emotional distress and live a happy, fulfilling life.’

__This article has been approved by Dr Bryony Henderson, Lead GP at Kry and Dr Adenekan Oyefeso, Psychologist and Clinical Lead for Mental Health at Kry.__


Speak to a GP or therapist about miscarriage

Speak to a GP about miscarriage

kry.co.uk > Article page > coping after a miscarriage

A therapist-s advice on how to cope after miscarriage

Going through a miscarriage can be one of the hardest emotional experiences we have. Discover how to get the right miscarriage support from Kry’s Psychologist and Lead GP.

Meta information > Coping after a miscarriage

Coping after a miscarriage – what support is available? | Kry 

Medical review

Dr Adenekan Oyefeso

Psychologist and Clinical Lead for Mental Health at Kry

Coping after a miscarriage – what support is available?

[Haemorrhoids (or piles)](/medical-advice/digestive-system/piles/) happen when the blood vessels in or around the opening of your bottom become inflamed and swollen. This is why you might feel pain, itchiness or lumps around your bottom.

Piles are more common than you’d think. Anywhere between [5-37% of us](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4473435/#CIT3) will experience symptoms at some point in our lives. The number of people is so wide-ranging as experts have found it difficult to get the exact data. This is probably because the symptoms can range so much and because some of us might not seek help due to embarrassment. 

## How do you get haemorrhoids in the first place?

You might be surprised to learn that we all have haemorrhoids. They are lines of tissue and blood vessels close to the opening of your anus. They’re useful because they help us sense what’s in your rectum (the last few inches of your large intestine before it reaches the anus). 

They help you feel whether the pressure you’re feeling in your bottom is gas, a normal poo or potentially diarrhoea. Haemorrhoids also help to form a seal within your anus that keeps it closed. In other words, they help to keep your poo in until you’re ready to go.

The problem happens when your haemorrhoids become inflamed or enlarged, usually when we strain or put pressure on them. This causes those [uncomfortable symptoms](/medical-advice/digestive-system/piles/) – including burning, itching, swelling and bleeding. 

Your chances of getting piles increases, if:
- You regularly strain your bottom while pooing
- You have long-term [diarrhoea](/medical-advice/digestive-system/diarrhoea/) or [constipation](/medical-advice/digestive-system/constipation/)
- You sit down for long periods of time
- You do lots of heavy lifting

## What’s the difference between internal and external haemorrhoids?
Haemorrhoids can be either internal (when they're located further inside the anus) and external (when they're very close to the anal opening). 

External haemorrhoids are rare and tend to occur suddenly. They might hang down or come out of your anus, and they can be very painful. 

Piles are also graded according to whether they come out and how far they come out of your anus. First-degree piles may be inside and you might see some bleeding, while fourth-degree piles hang down from your anus and can become swollen and painful if the blood clots inside them. 

Most importantly, don’t worry. There are treatments available for all types of haemorrhoids. 

## What should I do if I have symptoms of haemorrhoids?

If you have symptoms of piles, speak to a pharmacist who can provide over-the-counter medication. If you’re in pain and your symptoms have lasted over a week, speak to a doctor who will be able to help. 

It’s always worth finding out whether your symptoms are haemorrhoids or something more serious. You can also [discover more about medication and treatments](/medical-advice/digestive-system/piles/).

## How to prevent haemorrhoids
The best way to swerve the pain and discomfort of haemorrhoids is to prevent them happening in the first place. 

The good news is that there are simple lifestyle habits that can help. Here are 6 ways to lower your risk:

### 1. Don’t sit too long
Sitting down for long periods on a regular basis, whether for work or when relaxing, can put pressure on your bottom and worsen haemorrhoid symptoms. 

[Experts now warn](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416428/) against sitting on the toilet for too long. This can put strain on the blood vessels around your anus. If you feel like you’ve got more to go but it’s not coming, rather than sitting and straining, try getting up and coming back later. 

If you tend to sit on the toilet for longer, try leaving your phone in a different room so you’re not tempted to sit and scroll.

### 2. Eat plenty of fibre
Piles are more likely to happen if you don’t poo regularly. How often you should poo differs for everyone, but around [one poo a day](/your-health/10-things-your-poo-can-tell-you-about-your-health/) is a good guide. Not sure what a healthy poo looks like? [Check out our guide.](/your-health/10-things-your-poo-can-tell-you-about-your-health/)

An easy way to become more regular is by eating more fibre – experts recommend around [30g a day](https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/digestive-health/how-to-get-more-fibre-into-your-diet/#:~:text=Government%20guidelines%20say%20our%20dietary,ways%20of%20increasing%20our%20intake.). But you don’t need to count, try adding a little more fibre to every meal:

- __Breakfast__ – try high-fibre cereal, oats and fruit
- __Lunch__ – try whole grain bread and vegetables like carrots, broccoli, peppers and spinach
- __Dinner__ - try pulses like lentils, whole grain rice or pasta and leafy vegetables

### 3. Drink more water
Staying hydrated is key for having healthy poos. Drinking enough water can make our stools sofer, help to prevent constipation and therefore decrease straining and the risk of getting piles. Aim for [6-8 glasses of water](/your-health/why-is-hydration-so-important-a-doctors-guide/) each day, and it will benefit your whole body too.

### 4. Try a poo stool
[New research](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6382038/) is showing that how you sit on the toilet matters. Using a footstool (scientifically known as a ‘defecation postural modification device’) under your feet while sitting on the toilet changes the angle of your sitting. Sitting in more of a squatting position – where your knees are raised above your hips – is proven to reduce strain and help you poo more easily. 

### 5. Try to go when you feel the urge
The longer a poo sits in your colon, the more dehydrated it becomes and the more difficult it is to pass. As soon as you feel the urge to poo, try to head to the toilet as soon as possible.

### 6. Keep it moving
Getting active helps to keep your bowel movements regular and means you’ll generally spend less time sitting down, which can put pressure on the blood vessels in your bottom. Walking, jogging, yoga or swimming are all great exercises to introduce into your routine.

However, certain exercises can [make the problem worse](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416428/). If you’re prone to piles or worried about symptoms, try to avoid activities that increase pressure on sensitive areas or cause straining like heavy weight lifting, cycling or horse riding.

## When should I speak to a doctor about haemorrhoids?
If you have any symptoms of piles like burning, bleeding, pain or itching around your anus, speak to a pharmacist or doctor. 

Always speak to a doctor if:

- You’re in severe pain – it’s painful to sit down or [go to the toilet](/your-health/bowel-pain-causes/)
- There’s blood in your poo, from bright red through to black
- You’ve have persistent abdominal pain
- You have unexplained weight loss
- There's any change in your normal bowel habit

__This article has been medically approved by Dr Bryony Henderson, Kry Lead GP.__


Kry.co.uk > Article page > How do you get haemorrhoids CTA

Kry.co.uk > Article page > How do you get haemorrhoids?

Haemorrhoids

This pain in the bottom is very common. Here’s why haemorrhoids (piles) happen and our expert advice on how to prevent them

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How do you get haemorrhoids? And how to prevent them | Kry UK

How do you get haemorrhoids? And how to prevent them

In simple terms, dementia is used to describe symptoms that [affect your memory](/your-health/how-to-improve-memory/), performance of daily activities and ability to communicate. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type (and cause) of dementia, that gets progressively worse over time. Both are more common in adults over the age of 65, but are not considered a normal part of ageing. 

## What is dementia and the different types?
[Dementia](/medical-advice/neurology/dementia/) is the medical name for a group of cognitive symptoms including problems with memory, thought processing, problem solving, language and perception. 

As well as Alzheimer’s disease, there are over 200 types of dementia, caused by a number of diseases that damage the brain by a loss of nerve cells. Other types of dementia include:
- __Vascular dementia__ – this happens when a lack of oxygen to the brain causes nerve cells to die, either from a stroke, a series of mini strokes or a disease of the small blood vessels in the brain
- __Mixed dementia__ – this diagnosis occurs when someone has more than one type of dementia and a combination of symptoms
- __Dementia with Lewy bodies__ – this occurs where abnormal structures (known as Lewy bodies) form in the brain and cause nerve cells to die
- __Frontotemporal dementia__ – this is where clumps of abnormal protein form in the front and side of the brain and cause nerve cells to die

## What is Alzheimer’s disease?  
[Alzheimer’s disease](/medical-advice/neurology/alzheimers-disease/) is the most common cause of dementia (and is responsible for 60 to 80% of dementia cases) and usually begins gradually with mild symptoms of memory loss. This can lead to other cognitive problems like struggling to recall recent events or learn new information. People affected by Alzheimer’s disease can also have trouble finding the right words and making decisions.

Alzheimer’s disease is caused by a build up of abnormal structures known as plaques or tangles. These affect how nerve cells function in the brain and eventually cause them to die. The disease also causes a shortage of some important chemicals in the brain which mean that messages are not able to travel around as well as they should.

As Alzheimer’s disease progresses over time, the associated problems will become more severe, which will mean the person needs more day-to-day support.

## What are the key symptoms of Alzheimer’s and dementia? 
There are several overlapping symptoms of Alzheimer’s and dementia, but there are also some differences. The symptoms of someone with dementia depends on which parts of the brain are damaged, and the disease causing the dementia.
Both conditions can cause:
- Impaired memory
- Impaired communication
- A decline in the ability to think

Some of the more specific symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease include:

- Difficulty recalling conversations or activities
- Impaired judgement
- Disorientation
- Confusion
- Apathy
- Depression
- Changes in behaviour
- Difficulty speaking, swallowing or walking 

Certain types of dementia will share some of these symptoms. To be able to make a diagnosis, other symptoms must be included or excluded.

For example, Lewy body dementia (LBD) has lots of the same advanced symptoms as Alzheimer’s disease. People with LBD are more likely to experience initial symptoms such as visual hallucinations, difficulties with balance, and sleep disturbances.    

[Parkinson’s disease](/medical-advice/neurology/parkinsons-disease/) and [Huntington’s disease](/medical-advice/neurology/huntingtons-disease/) can contribute different types of dementia symptoms in the early stages. These include involuntary body movements.

## How are Alzheimer’s and dementia treated differently?
Treatment options for Alzheimer’s disease and dementia will depend on the exact cause and symptoms – but many treatments can be beneficial for both. 
There is currently no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, but there are various treatments available that can help manage the main symptoms. These include:
- Medication for behavioural changes
- Medications for memory loss
- Alternative remedies to boost brain function and health such as coconut oil and fish oil
- Medications for sleep problems
- Medications for depression

There’s also no definitive cure for dementia but, in some cases, treating the exact cause can help relieve and manage the symptoms.
Some of the conditions most likely to respond to treatment include dementia that is caused by:
- Brain tumours
- Drugs
- Metabolic disorders
- Hypoglycemia

Certain forms of dementia are more straightforward to treat. Doctors often prescribe a medication, cholinesterase inhibitors, for dementia caused by Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and LBD.

For vascular dementia, treatment will focus on preventing further damage to the brain’s blood vessels and the risk of having a stroke.

People living with dementia can also benefit significantly from [local support services](https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dementia/help-and-support/), carers and health aids. As the disease progresses with time, it may be necessary for the person with dementia to move to an assisted living facility or nursing home.

## What is the outlook for both – and which is worse?
Similarly to treatment options, the outlook for people with dementia depends on the cause. Treatments can make symptoms of dementia manageable.

Most types of dementia are irreversible and will cause more impairment over time. Vascular dementia can be slowed down in some cases, but it still shortens the affected person’s lifespan. 

Alzheimer’s disease is considered a terminal illness, as there is currently no cure. People over 65 with the disease live an average of 4 to 8 years after receiving a diagnosis. But it’s also possible for some people to live as long as 20 years after being diagnosed.

If you have any concerns that you’re experiencing the symptoms of dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, it’s a good idea to talk to a doctor. They will make sure you get the right diagnosis, and if needed start taking treatment promptly to manage any symptoms.

## How to help prevent dementia
While there’s no proven way to prevent dementia, lots of research is taking place to better understand how to reduce the risk factors. Certain risk factors for dementia are very difficult or impossible to control, such as:
- Age – the older you are, the more likely you are to develop dementia 
- Genes – in general, genes alone are not thought to cause dementia. But certain genetic factors are involved with some of the less common types. Dementia usually develops because of a combination of genetic and environmental factors, such as smoking and a lack of regular exercise.

There are other risk factors that can be reduced including hearing loss, depression, loneliness and social isolation.

And there’s good evidence that making healthy lifestyle choices can help reduce your risk of developing dementia by around a third. These include:
- Eating a healthy and balanced diet
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Having a [healthy blood pressure](/your-health/are-my-blood-pressure-levels-healthy-a-doctors-guide/)
- Exercising regularly
- Sticking to recommended alcohol limits
- Stopping smoking

Choosing a healthy lifestyle helps prevent cardiovascular diseases too, such as stroke and heart attacks, which are both risk factors for the most common types of dementia (Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia).

## When to speak to a doctor 
If you’re having problems with your memory or experiencing other symptoms of dementia, it’s best to speak to a doctor as soon as possible.

They can make a specialist referral if necessary, and provide you with more information. A doctor can also discuss ways to reduce your level of risk.

It can be very difficult to be given an Alzheimer’s disease or dementia diagnosis and can come as a shock to the person and those around them. 

There’s plenty of help and support available, as well as treatments to help manage your symptoms.

Callout > CTA > Speak to a GP

kry.o.uk > Article page > What's the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia?

What is the difference between Alzheimers and dementia

Dementia refers to the group of symptoms that negatively impact memory, whereas Alzheimer’s is a specific progressive disease of the brain and is the commonest cause of dementia. Understand the differences.

What's the difference between 

What's the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia? | Kry

What's the difference between Alzheimer's and dementia?

What causes pain before, during or after you [poo](/your-health/10-things-your-poo-can-tell-you-about-your-health/)? It’s something many of us want to know, but are too embarrassed to ask. 

Almost everyone experiences a painful bowel movement every once in a while. Often it goes away on its own. But ongoing or severe pain before or during a poo could signal an underlying condition that may need checking out by a doctor. 

Remember, always get checked out by a doctor if you experience bright red or dark blood in your poo. 

## Why does it hurt when I poo? 
Painful bowel movements can happen before, during or after you poo. You might experience pain either in your bowel, your lower abdomen, your anus (opening of your bottom) or your lower back. 

If it hurts when you poo, it could be due to several factors. 

## 1. You’re constipated 
[Constipation](/medical-advice/digestive-system/constipation/) can feel painful and uncomfortable, particularly when you do have a poo. 

The most common causes of constipation are:
- Not having enough fibre in your diet
- Not drinking enough fluids
- Taking certain medications like painkillers
- Not getting enough physical activity 
- [Anxiety](/medical-advice/mental-health/anxiety/), [depression](/medical-advice/mental-health/depression/) or stress 

You’re likely to have constipation if:
- You haven’t had a poo at least 3 times in the last week
- Your poo is hard and lumpy and you’re straining when you go to the toilet
- You may also have abdominal pain and feel bloated or sick 

__What to do:__ 

To make your poo softer and easier to pass, eat a fibre-rich diet and drink plenty of fluids to keep you regular. Try to increase your physical activity and never ignore the urge to go. 

If diet and lifestyle changes aren’t helping, speak to a pharmacist who may suggest taking a laxative.

## 2. You have piles 
[Piles (haemorrhoids)](/medical-advice/digestive-system/piles/) are swollen veins inside the rectum or under the skin around the opening of your bottom. 

Factors that make piles more likely include: 
- Pregnancy
- Heavy lifting
- Constipation or severe [diarrhoea](/medical-advice/digestive-system/diarrhoea/)
- Pushing too hard when pooing 

As well as pain during bowel movements, symptoms of piles include:
- Discomfort, itching or bumps in or around your anus
- Bright red blood or mucus after wiping your bottom 
- Feeling like your bowels haven’t fully emptied after going to the toilet

__What to do:__

To prevent and treat the symptoms of piles, drink plenty of fluids and increase your fibre intake to make your poo softer. The good news is that piles aren’t usually serious, but if you’re in pain, speak to a pharmacist who can recommend over-the-counter medication. 

If your symptoms don’t pass or you’re in severe pain, speak to a doctor.

## 3. You have an anal tear 
An [anal tear (anal fissure)](/medical-advice/digestive-system/anal-fissure/) is a small cut or open sore on the inside or around your anus. Although anal tears are common and aren’t usually serious, they can be especially painful during or after you poo. 

They’re often caused by passing a hard or large poo, but can also be due to pregnancy and childbirth, persistent diarrhoea, [anal sex](/your-health/anal-sex/), unusually tight anal sphincter muscles, inflammatory bowel disease and [sexually transmitted infections (STIs)](/medical-advice/sexual-health/stis/).  
Anal tears can cause a sharp pain when you poo, followed by a deep burning or stinging sensation up to a few hours after. You may also see bright red blood in your stool or when you wipe your bottom. 

__What to do:__

Make an appointment to see a doctor if you think you have an anal tear. Most tears heal themselves, but [self-help measures](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526063/), like eating enough fibre, drinking plenty of fluids and exercising regularly, can help ease the symptoms as well as prevent them from recurring. 

## 4. You have an inflammatory bowel disease 
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a name used to describe two types of conditions that cause [chronic inflammation in the intestinal tract](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470312/), including [Crohn’s disease ](/medical-advice/digestive-system/crohns-disease/)and [ulcerative colitis](/medical-advice/digestive-system/ulcerative-colitis/).

IBD causes abdominal pain and cramps before, during or after a bowel movement. Excessive diarrhoea can also lead to irritation and pain. 

The other symptoms of IBD include: 
- Feeling the urge to poo very suddenly
- Blood or mucus in your poo
- Tiredness and fatigue

__What to do:__

If you have any of these symptoms, speak to a doctor. IBD requires treatment, which can include symptom management, medication and surgery. 

## 5. You have proctitis 
Proctitis is inflammation of the lining of the rectum. Proctitis is common in people who have IBD or [STIs](/medical-advice/sexual-health/stis/) like [chlamydia](/medical-advice/sexual-health/chlamydia/) and syphilis. It can also be a side effect of radiotherapy. 

Proctitis can cause cramping and pain in the left side of your abdomen and in your anus, which may occur during bowel movements. 

Other symptoms include:  
- Blood or mucus in your poo 
- Diarrhoea
- A continuous feeling that you need to have a bowel movement

__What to do:__

If you have any symptoms of proctitis, make an appointment with a doctor. Your treatment will depend on the type of proctitis you have and its causes.

## 6. You have endometriosis 
[Endometriosis](/medical-advice/gynaecology/endometriosis/) is a painful condition where cells similar to the ones in the lining of the uterus grow in other places, like your bowel, ovaries and pelvis. 

As well as pain when pooing, common symptoms of endometriosis are:
- Heavy periods
- Pain during or after sex
- Fatigue and lack of energy
- Severe period pain
- Lower back or tummy pain
- Feeling sick
- Constipation and diarrhoea

__What to do:__

Endometriosis is a condition that can have a significant impact on your life. It’s essential to speak to a doctor, who can recommend specific treatments to ease your symptoms. 

## 7. You have a skin condition  
Skin conditions, like [psoriasis](/medical-advice/skin-conditions/psoriasis/) and [eczema](/medical-advice/skin-conditions/eczema/), can affect the skin around your anus. As well as causing pain before, after and during a bowel movement, you may also experience bleeding, severe itching and splitting of the skin.  

Psoriasis on or near the anus can appear non-scaly and red and become sore, weepy and itchy. Eczema around the opening of the anus and the skin between the cheeks of the buttocks (perianal eczema) can be red, inflamed, dry and sore. 

__What to do:__

A doctor will usually be able to diagnose eczema or psoriasis when they’re examining you. A small skin sample (biopsy) may be taken for analysis if there’s any doubt about what it may be. 

## 8. You have anal cancer
Anal cancer is a rare condition, which can cause [bowel changes and pain around the anus](https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-gb/home/digestive-disorders/tumors-of-the-digestive-system/anal-cancer). But don't panic, the symptoms are very similar to other conditions, including piles and anal tears. 

Keep an eye out for other symptoms of anal cancer, including: 
- Itching around the anus
- Bleeding or discharge from the bottom
- Lumps or sores inside or around the anus
- Needing to poo more often 

__What to do:__

If you have any of these symptoms, speak to a doctor. Remember, most of these symptoms can be caused by other conditions, and it doesn’t necessarily mean you have cancer. 

## When should I speak to a doctor about a painful poo?
When it comes to [your poo](/your-health/10-things-your-poo-can-tell-you-about-your-health/), it’s important to know what’s normal for you. It can feel awkward talking about your bowel habits, but remember that we all poo and doctors are there to help and support, rather than judge. 

If you have bleeding or pain around your bottom or there’s a change to your normal bowel pattern, make an appointment to speak to a doctor. 

Always speak to a doctor if:
- There's blood in your poo, including bright red through to black
- You have persistent abdominal pain
- You have unexplained weight loss
- Any change in your normal bowel habit

__This article has been medically approved by Dr Bryony Henderson, Kry Lead GP.__


Section > Call-out > Hurts when I poo CTA

Kry.co.uk > Article page > Why does it hurt when I poo? 

Why does it hurt when I poo

Discover everything you need to know about painful bowel movements, including the causes, other symptoms, what to do and when to seek help 

Meta information > Your Health > Hurts when I poo

Why does it hurt when I poo? 8 causes of bowel pain  | Kry UK

kry.co.uk > Medical Reviewer

Why does it hurt when I poo? 8 causes of bowel pain

If you need chemotherapy, it’s completely normal to feel worried and overwhelmed. But discovering more about this type of treatment can help you prepare and feel less anxious. 

Chemotherapy is most commonly used to [treat cancer](/medical-advice/cancer/), alongside other treatments, such as surgery and radiotherapy. But it’s also used for other conditions, including autoimmune diseases, like [Crohn’s disease](/medical-advice/digestive-system/crohns-disease/) and [rheumatoid arthritis](/medical-advice/musculoskeletal-conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/). 

There are many different types of chemotherapy drugs but they all work in a similar way. Chemotherapy destroys cancer cells in your body, and it prevents these cells from dividing, growing and producing more cells. 

## What is chemotherapy? 
Chemotherapy is a [systemic medication](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279427/), which means it can treat cancer cells almost anywhere in the body due to it circulating through the bloodstream. 

Chemotherapy is a type of [anti-cancer (cytotoxic) drug treatment](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK564367/) that destroys cancer cells or stops them from dividing and multiplying uncontrollably.

There are billions of individual cells in our body tissues. Every time a new cell is formed, it goes through a cell cycle. Chemotherapy attacks cells during specific parts of the cell cycle. Cancer cells tend to form new cells at a faster rate, making them a better target for chemotherapy.  

## When is chemotherapy used? 
Chemotherapy may be used as part of your treatment plan. What chemotherapy you take and whether it’s suitable for you depends on several factors, including: 
- Your general health 
- The [type of cancer](/medical-advice/cancer/) you have
- Whether the cancer has spread
- Where the cancer is in your body

Chemotherapy can also be used to: 
- Eliminate all cancerous cells (curative chemotherapy) 
- Reduce the risk of cancer coming back after radiotherapy or surgery (adjuvant chemotherapy)
- Make another treatment more effective – it can be used before surgery to shrink large tumours (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) or in combination with radiotherapy 
- Treat cancer that’s spread to other parts of your body
- Relieve symptoms and improve your quality of life if a cure isn’t possible (palliative chemotherapy) 

Chemotherapy can be combined with radiotherapy, but the treatment is different as radiotherapy only treats a specific area of the body. 

## Why does chemotherapy cause side effects?
As well as destroying cancer cells, chemotherapy can also affect some of the [healthy cells in your body](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279427/). Some of these cells are more sensitive to the medication, particularly those in the hair follicles, bone marrow, mouth and digestive tract. 

Chemotherapy can damage these cells and this causes side effects. Some of the most common include: 
- [Tiredness](/your-health/why-am-i-always-tired/) and weakness
- [Hair loss](/your-health/hair-loss-in-women/)
- Feeling and being sick
- A higher risk of getting infections
- [Constipation](/medical-advice/digestive-system/constipation/) and [diarrhoea](/medical-advice/digestive-system/diarrhoea/)
- Sore, dry or itchy skin 
- A sore mouth 

Everyone reacts differently to chemotherapy, and some people have more side effects than others. It’s important to remember that healthcare professionals are there to support you throughout the whole treatment. 

Always let a doctor or nurse know if you’re having physical or mental side effects that you’re struggling with. 

## Can chemotherapy cause long-term side effects? 
Although most side effects are temporary, sometimes they can cause long-term changes. Some chemotherapy drugs can cause:
- [Early menopause](/your-health/early-menopause/)
- Damage to the nerves connecting to the brain, spinal cord and the rest of the body (peripheral neuropathy)
- Problems with your [fertility](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6649805/) 

If you’re affected by any of these, a doctor can help to support you. 

## What are the different types of chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy can be given in several ways depending on your treatment plan and the type of cancer you have.

Chemotherapy is most commonly given: 

__- By drip or injection directly into a vein__
Known as intravenous chemotherapy, this is usually given in a hospital

__- By mouth as capsules or tablets__
Known as oral chemotherapy, you will usually take the medication at home 

You might have chemotherapy consisting of just one drug but it’s more usual to take them as a combination of two or more.

## How long does chemotherapy usually take? 
When you have chemotherapy, you’ll usually have a course of treatment rather than a single treatment. One course of chemotherapy may last between 3-6 months, but you may receive it for shorter or longer periods depending on your type of cancer and the chemotherapy you’re having. 

During a course of chemotherapy, you can have around 4-8 cycles of treatment. A cycle of treatment is made up of your chemotherapy and rest period, which allows your body to recover from the side effects. A doctor will decide on the number of cycles you need to treat the cancer. 

## Advice for looking after your mental wellbeing 
[Experiencing a cancer diagnosis](/your-health/things-i-learned-after-my-cancer-diagnosis/) can feel like your world is being turned upside down. Understandably, you might feel worried and overwhelmed. 

Taking care of your mental wellbeing and making small lifestyle changes can help you cope during treatment, as well as recover better. 

Think about sharing your experiences with your friends and family, try to eat as healthy diet as possible and try to be physically active whenever you can.

[One study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26952681/) found that emotional support along with up-to-date information during chemotherapy made a significant difference to the quality of life of someone with cancer. 

## What support is available?
From the time you’re diagnosed, there’s support available. You can use:
- [Macmillan](https://www.macmillan.org.uk/), [Cancer Research UK](https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/) and [Maggie’s](https://www.maggies.org/about-us/how-maggies-works/our-story/) for advice, information and support 
- Support from your specialist nurse or other members of your medical team
- Support groups, helplines and online forums or chats for your cancer type or cancer in general 
- Online communities coordinated by people who have experienced cancer treatment 

If you have any concerns about chemotherapy or your cancer diagnosis, speak to a doctor or cancer nurse who will be able to help you access support. 

## When should I speak to a doctor? 
If you’re struggling with specific side effects of chemotherapy or need mental health support, make an appointment to speak to a doctor. 

Speak to a doctor or your care team immediately if you are having chemotherapy and experiencing any of the following symptoms:
- A high temperature 
- Diarrhoea
- Being sick 
- Breathing difficulties 
- Flu-like symptoms, such as muscle aches or feeling hot and shivery
- Redness, soreness, swelling or discharge of liquid around a wound or where you have had an intravenous or catheter line into your veins 

__This article has been medically reviewed by Dr Bryony Henderson.__


Section > Call-out > Chemotherapy CTA

Kry.co.uk > Article page > What is chemotherapy

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a treatment for cancer. Find out about when you might have it, the possible side effects, how it’s given and how you can access support

Meta information > Chemotherapy article

Let's talk: what you need to know about chemotherapy  | Kry UK

Let's talk: what you need to know about chemotherapy

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